Cross

An Irish surname of Cork and Dublin. In the 2010 US census it was carried by 77,557 people, the 420th most common surname in the country.

Cross is the anglicised form of three distinct Irish names. Some you can hear in the English name; others look and sound nothing like it, and were simply swapped for it.

Crúis

de Crúis. This family stood in Co. Clare, Co. Dublin, and Co. Meath.

Mac An Chrosáin. This family stood in Co. Derry, Co. Laois, Co. Offaly, and Co. Tyrone.

Where the name comes from

de Crúis is the Norman de Cruys, of the cross, from living beside the roadside or market cross. The family came at the time of the invasion and obtained lands in Dublin and Meath; their chief seat was at the Naul, where the ruins of their castle are still to be seen. In 1653 Peter Cruise of the Naul was transplanted to Connacht, and in 1691 many of the name were attainted.

Mac an Chrosáin is son of the rhymer, from crosán. One family of it was in Tirconnell, one of whom was Bishop of Raphoe in the 14th century, and they are still numerous in Derry and Tyrone. The other were bards to the O'Moores and O'Connors in Leix and Offaly, and in the 16th century that family threw in its lot with the English and took the surname Crosbie.

Rugged Atlantic coastline at Allihies, Cork, Ireland, with layered slate cliffs, fine art landscape photograph by Peter Cox
Allihies Coast, Cork

The Cross counties, photographed

Cork

Cork is the largest county in Ireland. Three peninsulas run west into the Atlantic: Beara, Sheep's Head and Mizen, with the population thinning the further out you go. My gallery is in Glengarriff at the head of Bantry Bay, so it's the ground I photograph most.

Sunset over Dun an Oir ruins and sea stacks on Cape Clear Island, Cork, fine art landscape photograph by Peter CoxDún an Óir, Cape Clear Island, Cork Co. Cork The Fastnet Lighthouse standing proud on a calm summer evening off West Cork in black and white panoramic viewThe Fastnet Lighthouse, Co. Cork Co. Cork Aerial view of the Fastnet Lighthouse surrounded by angry seas off West Cork with Cape Clear Island on the horizonThe Fastnet from the Air Co. Cork Inside the rotating lantern of the Fastnet Lighthouse with Fresnel lenses, ladder, and a rainbow projected on a poleInside the Lantern, the Fastnet Lighthouse, Co. Cork Co. Cork The winding Healy Pass road climbing through the Caha Mountains on the Beara Peninsula, Cork on a cloudy dayThe Healy Pass, Co. Cork Co. Cork Long exposure of a small pier extending into a bay at sunset under heavy cloud, Lehanbeg, CorkLehanbeg Pier, Co. Cork Co. Cork Sunrise over Gougane Barra lake with mountains reflected in still water, County Cork, Ireland — fine art landscape photograph by Peter CoxA Morning at the Office, Gougane Barra, Co. Cork Co. Cork Long exposure of waves crashing against rocks at the Old Head of Kinsale lighthouse at dusk with its lantern shiningOld Head of Kinsale Lighthouse, Co. Cork Co. Cork

Dublin

Dublin is a county as well as a city. The bay has Howth at the north end and Killiney Hill at the south, the Muglins are a pair of rocks off Dalkey, and the Dublin Mountains start about half an hour from the city centre.

Moonlight reflecting on the sea near the Muglins lighthouse off Dalkey Island, Dublin, with the Kish light on the horizonThe Muglins by Moonlight II Co. Dublin Long exposure panoramic view of the White Rock swimming platform at Killiney Bay, Dublin, floating in misty high-tide watersThe White Rock, Killiney Bay, Co. Dublin Co. Dublin Heron fishing at dawn on the Dublin coast — fine art wildlife photograph by Peter CoxHeron, Co. Dublin Co. Dublin

All Cork prints · All Dublin prints

Notable bearers

Marcia Cross (born 1962), actor.

Marcia Cross (born 1962), actor.

David Cross (born 1964), actor, singer, and screenwriter.

Ben Cross (1947-2020), actor, screenwriter, and theatre director.

Henri-Edmond Cross (1856-1910), painter, draftsperson, and graphic artist.

About this page

The counties on this page are where the name was thickest on the ground in Ireland a century and a half ago, not a claim about any one family. Names moved around inside the country as much as they left it. The photographs are mine, made in the counties named.

More Irish surnames: Smith · Brown · Miller · Wilson · Anderson · Thomas · Taylor · Moore · Jackson · Martin · Lee · Thompson

How common the name was

In 1890, 19 births were registered under Cross in Ireland, most of them in Armagh, Cork, and Dublin.

Ulster 8
Munster 6
Leinster 5
Connacht no figure printed
Ireland 19

Armagh is the one I haven't worked in.